Having suffered several cycles of electoral defeat, Chief Obafemi Awolowo never realized his lifelong aspiration to lead Nigeria. In the twilight of his life, he granted an interesting and wide-ranging interview to the Nigerian philosopher, Prof. Moses Akinola Makinde, in which he reflected on his political career and lamented the failure of his longstanding presidential ambition. Excerpts:
“In 1959, during the election that was to usher in independence in 1960, I embarked on an elaborate campaign in the North. I don’t know how old you were at that time. I was using a helicopter to campaign in every nook and cranny of the North. The most important aspects of the Action Group’s campaign were free education and life more abundant for the generality of the people. Our manifesto was centred on the development of man. We worked so hard that the Sardauna of Sokoto, Ahmadu Bello, was forced to come out to campaign — a thing he was never used to.
My hope at that time was to liberate the North from illiteracy, ignorance, and the _ranka dede_ mentality of the less privileged majority. If I had won the election, I would have invested heavily in educating the North in order to bridge the educational gap between that region and the Western and Eastern regions. This was because I saw the lack of education as a stumbling block to the political enlightenment of the entire Northern region.”
“Because they were not educated, the voters could not make up their own minds or make their own choices. Rather, the innocent people of the North had to be dictated to by emirs and the elites who fed them on a regular basis. In contrast, in the Western Region, people could argue with their Obas, read manifestos, and make an independent choice of which party and which politicians to vote for.
Unfortunately, all my efforts to liberate the North from the cruel grip of the oligarchy were frustrated by those who prefer, and will always prefer, the status quo to a new dawn of educational advancement. You can see that even now, the educational gap between the North and South is increasing by leaps and bounds. All the talk about catching up is nonsense. How can you catch up with somebody who is running while you are crawling?”
“But I think that sooner or later, the leaders of the North will see the repercussions of their selfishness and carelessness in their attitude towards Western education. But by then it will be too late. If they don’t regret it or blame themselves for lack of foresight, the Northern youth may ask their leaders some questions when they see the rate of development that goes with education in many parts of Southern Nigeria. They may then wonder whether it was in their stars, or in the selfishness, carelessness, and lack of foresight of their past and present leaders.
If I had been given the chance in 1959 or 1979, I would have changed the fortunes of the North into a place that could compare favourably with the South in terms of educational, social, and economic development.”
“As for me, I don’t think we should always blame a President’s lapses on his advisers. It is the duty of a President, as an educated and intelligent man, to know what advice is good or bad for his people. If he considers the advice just and in the public good, he will take it, just as he himself would have calculated the consequences of such an action. What is more, he should be able to use his own discretion as Mr. President. If he is in doubt, he should call experts from the universities, where scholars must have done research on such matters or studied similar cases with particular consequences.”
“As the Premier of the Western Region, I chose my ministers strictly on merit and because of their education, standard, and discipline. Every minister, adviser, and top civil servant had to do his homework properly before bringing anything to a cabinet meeting or any other important meeting, where it would be subjected to rigorous debate. Where there were grey areas, expert opinion would be sought for the purpose of objectivity.
As the Premier, I followed all procedures vigorously and meticulously, always relating our decisions and actions to the public good. It is because of this commitment to public service that I often maintained that the office of the President or Prime Minister is not for pleasure. Unfortunately, in Nigeria, it looks as if the office of the President, Minister, or Adviser is for pleasure — like dining and wining and carousing with women of easy virtue both at home and abroad.”
SOURCE: Moses Akin Makinde, _‘AWO: The Last Conversation’_ (Ibadan, Nigeria: Evans Brothers, 2009).
